International Relations

The meeting between Donald Trump and Xi Jinping in Beijing this week goes far beyond the traditional framework of a bilateral encounter between the world’s two largest economies. In many respects, it is a symbolic moment in the transition toward a new international order—one increasingly shaped not only by great-power competition but also by the Global South’s growing political consciousness and strategic relevance. ...

This Paper was originally published on mitvim.org.il This paper argues that the reconstruction of Gaza will depend not only on the amount of funding mobilized, but on how financing is structured, governed, and anchored within a broader politi`cal context. In a setting shaped by movement restrictions and weak institutions, financial design is not neutral but shapes priorities, distributes power, and determines what can be implemented on the ground. The paper examines the key cha ...

This Blog was originally published on cgdev.org. The OECD Conference on the Future of International Development Co-operation (which is set to take place in Paris on 11-12 May 2026) comes at a moment of acute strain. OECD Development Assistance Committee (DAC) countries' official development assistance fell by almost a quarter in 2025, and is projected to fall further in 2026. The US has withdrawn from or defunded dozens of multilateral bodies. Development cooperation, long pred ...

Trump’s Strategy of Overriding Constitutional SafeguardsPerhaps bearing in mind that only a minority of voters in the United States support U.S. military action against Iran, President Donald Trump has called the war a “short term excursion” and a “little journey” that may be over “pretty quickly”. The war is thus not a war, although Trump has said the U.S. will take Iran “back to the stone ages, where they belong”, and the U.S. military has admitted to attacks on 14,000 Irania ...

This Opinion was originally published on policyedge.in The weakening of global institutions creates both risk and opportunity, placing India at the center of debates on reform and renewal.The global order is not collapsing outright but is gradually hollowing out, as institutions lose normative coherence and great power contestation reshapes rules from within. This moment of transition creates both risks of fragmentation and opportunities for redesign. For India, rising economic ...

The commercial and geopolitical interdependence between China and Latin America makes any U.S. claim to promote a "decoupling" between them impractical. Digital technologies and critical minerals will be in the crosshairs of the North American National Security Strategy  ...

Cet oped a été publié initialement dans la revue afkar/ideas 77 (IEMed).  La politique étrangère du Maroc traverse une transition structurelle, sous l’effet de la polycrise mondiale, de la diversification de ses partenariats et de l’affirmation de nouveaux choix stratégiques. La centralité accordée aux notions de « hub », de « plateforme »ou de « corridor » traduit un glissement sémantique et fonctionnel dans le narratif national, accordant une priorité majeure aux considé ...

Pendant longtemps, la sécurité du Sahel reposait sur les dispositifs militaires occidentaux qui ne sont pas parvenus à juguler la menace jihadiste, démontrant ainsi les limites d’un modèle de coopération fondé sur la dépendance logistique et doctrinale envers les partenaires étrangers. Les trois États sahéliens ont décidé de rompre avec ce système et de construire « une souveraineté sécuritaire intégrée » Cette orientation s’est affirmée dans un contexte d’ouverture à de nouvea ...

« C’est le moment me semble-t-il de sortir de cette dialectique de l’euphorie ou du désespoir pour entreprendre un effort de réflexion sur soi, sur notre situation dans le monde : se penser, se représenter, mener une réflexion critique sur ses propres réalités. Il est de la responsabilité des intellectuels, penseurs, artistes africains de mener à bien cette entreprise afin de dégager des horizons et contribuer à la transformation radicale des sociétés africaines » Felwin Sarr. Écriv ...

The International Court of Justice’s (ICJ) 2025 advisory opinion on climate change marks a significant expansion of international law into the governance of global public goods. By framing climate inaction as a potential violation of international law and human rights, the Court advances a progressive legal agenda that extends beyond existing political consensus and enforcement capacity. This article develops a realist critique of the ruling that avoids both legal romanticism and ni ...

On February 10, 2026, the European Parliament endorsed an asylum reform that expands the use of the ‘safe third country’ concept and introduces a common European Union list of ‘safe countries of origin’. This reform represents more than a technical adjustment of asylum procedures, as it signals a structural reorientation of EU asylum governance toward faster filtering of claims and greater reliance on external actors.The concept of a safe third country already exists in European asy ...

Trois ans après l'adoption du premier Plan d'Action National (PAN) sur l'Agenda Femmes, Paix et Sécurité (FPS), le Maroc affiche des avancées institutionnelles réelles mais une mise en œuvre encore insuffisante. L'extension du PAN ouvre une fenêtre d'opportunité pour préparer un second cycle plus ambitieux et opérationnel.Ce Policy Brief identifie quatre obstacles persistants : un taux d'activité féminine de 19,1% en quasi-stagnation, une représentation des femmes inférieure à 3% da ...

PrefaceThis series of policy briefs, Pan-Atlanticism: The Atlantic Basin in a Multipolar-Transnational World, assesses the strategic significance—and potential—of the Atlantic Basin, when viewed and engaged with as a distinct and coherent region for international cooperation or governance, and as a potential arena of strategic competition, within a shifting structure of international power that is now moving from unipolarity to a new multipolar reality.The series began by tracing th ...

We are now in the fifth week since the U.S. airstrike that killed top leaders of the Iranian regime, initiating a war involving the United States and Israel against the country. More than a month of mutual bombardments between Iran and Israel has ensued, extending to other Persian Gulf nations, U.S. military installations—and even Cyprus. From a global perspective, the impact has stemmed primarily from disruptions to regional production of goods and the blockade of the Strait of Hor ...

This essay examines the establishment of the Board of Peace as a test case in contemporary peace governance and hegemonic experimentation. While the Board, politically activated in early 2026 and formally anchored in a resolution of the United Nations Security Council, benefits from derivative legality under the UN Charter, its legal foundation remains constitutionally fragile, its mandate ambiguously constrained, and its accountability architecture underdeveloped, notwithstand ...

Human rights are central to the legitimacy of legal systems, not only through their recognition but also through the manner in which courts resolve conflicts between rights. Judicial decisions require well-founded reasoning, drawing on interrelated legal sources to ensure coherence, legitimacy, and predictability while minimizing non-legal influences. In EU law, the Court of Justice employs grammatical, contextual, comparative, and teleological methods of interpretation, alongside p ...

Sous Trump II, la conflictualité s’affirme moins comme un simple effet de la polarisation partisane que comme un principe d’organisation de l’exercice du pouvoir. À partir des prises de parole présidentielles, ce Papier montre comment des enjeux distincts, tels que l’immigration, la fraude, la sécurité, les controverses culturelles ou les rivalités internationales, sont intégrés dans une même architecture discursive orientée vers la restauration de l’ordre. La conflictualité y appar ...

Le premier sommet des BRICS, tenu à l’initiative de la Russie en 2009, sera suivi de 16 autres, le dernier étant celui de Rio dont les travaux se sont déroulés les 6 et 7 juillet 2025. Jusqu’en 2022, un seul élargissement est intervenu, celui accueillant l’Afrique du Sud, transformant les BRIC en BRICS. À partir de 2023, en revanche, trois sommets, ceux de 2023, 2024 et 2025, vont se solder par la transformation des BRICS en BRICS+5, accueillant 5 nouveaux pays membres, en ...

While acknowledging the centrality of security tensions and potential conflict in the Gulf, this essay intentionally sets aside a detailed treatment of military and hard-power dynamics, concentrating instead on the geoeconomic logics of capital, infrastructure, energy, and connectivity, through which Gulf states now articulate power in a fragmented world order.It examines the emergence of a new tripartite or three-pillar power configuration in the Gulf, arguing that Saudi Arabi ...

Latin America has had to deal with expansionist agendas of great powers since its independence. To do so, different leaders from the region have adopted different policies. Some have sought to reinforce their relations with the U.S. whereas others mistrusted their big neighbor from the North and tried to multiply their partnerships with other parties in order to keep their autonomy. To this respect, the central role played by U.S.-Latin American relations, epitomized by the1823 Monr ...

La multiplication des crises systémiques à l’échelle mondiale – qu’elles soient environnementales, sanitaires, énergétiques ou liées aux enjeux de sécurité globale – impose une évolution profonde des modes d’action diplomatique. Dans ce contexte, l’intégration structurée des connaissances scientifiques dans les relations internationales apparaît comme une condition déterminante pour la formulation de réponses collectives efficaces et légitimes. La diplomatie scientifique s’inscrit a ...

The multiplication of systemic crises on a global scale - whether environmental, health-related, energy-related or linked to global security issues - calls for a profound change in diplomatic modes of action. In this context, the structured integration of scientific knowledge into international relations appears to be a decisive condition for the formulation of effective and legitimate collective responses. Science diplomacy is thus a strategic field of intervention, at the interfac ...

Sports diplomacy can be defined as a foreign-policy approach that uses sport as a tool to advance national interests, shape international perceptions, and foster cross-border engagement. As a subset of cultural and public diplomacy, it operates where politics, identity, and popular culture intersect. In an increasingly polarised and fragmented global order, sports diplomacy has emerged as one of the ‘softest’ of soft-power instruments, able to reach audiences that traditional diplom ...

This Opinion was originally published in globalpolicyjournal.com ...