International Organisations

Le rôle de la Cedeao (Communauté économique des États de l’Afrique de l’Ouest) dans la gestion des conflits ayant eu lieu à la fin du 20ème siècle et au début du 21ème siècle revêt une importance capitale. Dès sa création, l’organisation régionale représentait le symbole de l’avancement démocratique dans ses pays membres mais elle doit aujourd’hui faire face à un recul en termes de gouvernance démocratique et d’influence. Elle s’est imposée comme étant la plus av ...

Sleepless nights and the tireless search for compromise allowed WTO members to agree on concrete deliverables during the WTO 12th Ministerial Conference held last June. Those results reinforce Multilateralism. And this is a significant gain given the multiplicity of global crises that surround us. The Outcome include 6 Agreements, Declarations and Ministerial Decisions that respond to some of today's challenges, notably on Fisheries and Ocean Sustainability as well as responses to P ...

Western states are increasingly sending asylum-seekers caught at their borders to states in the Global South, in violation of humanitarian principles about the right to asylum. Critics have also noted the racial dimensions of this policy, asking why Ukrainian refugees aren’t being sent to Rwanda for processing or resettlement? What has not received attention in this discussion is how, in response to internal and external pressures, African states are developing migration management ...

8560 kilometers to Berlin. The capital of Hitler-Germany, where advisors of the dictator prepared a sinister scheme. Madagascar was the project, the French colony, located 230 miles off the African continent, in the southwestern Indian Ocean, to be precise. Europe’s Jews would be transferred to the African island, one million citizens each year. In four or five years the undesired population would have been settled in a police state governed by the inhuman SS, Hitler’s beloved troop ...

A principle seems to be establishing itself as a basic tenet of refugee and irregular-migration management policies in host countries in Europe and elsewhere: if you do not want refugees, pay to keep them in, or ‘outsource’ them to, poorer countries. But this raises some basic moral, political, and even financial questions. The approach was pioneered by Australia, which in 2012 began shipping migrants who arrived on its shores irregularly by boat to Papua New Guinea and Nauru in t ...

From socio-economic crises to the scourges of war, through natural disasters and environmental degradation, the world's history is marked by events leading to mass migration, exacerbating the phenomenon of climate refugees. Today, environmental phenomena prompt many inhabitants to choose exile in search of more stable horizons. It is essential to note that no legal text, either global or regional, considers the case of climate refugees. Given the lack of a specific legal regime for ...

IMF Managing Director Kristalina Georgieva’s message to the Davos meeting last week referred to the upside risks of “geoeconomic fragmentation”  due to the war in Ukraine. Considering the ongoing rivalry between the United States and China and the alliance between the latter and Russia, the narratives about a West-East division in the global economy have become louder with an end and reversal of globalization. After the 2008 global financial crisis, the belief that globalization an ...

Adoption of the Responsibility to Protect (R2P) Doctrine at the United Nations’ 2005 World Summit constituted a watershed moment for international diplomacy and multilateralism. With multiple pillars, R2P was established to ensure that the international community was better placed to act in the face of mass atrocity. Unfortunately, R2P’s poor implementation, and weaponization that has undermined its precepts, have seen it displaced from the holistic framework of state-building and c ...

Global value chains (GVCs) are intended to fragment global production among several countries and companies. In this context, national economies have begun processes of insertion and specialization with both social and green objectives, because multinationals (MNEs) create significant negative externalities. Morocco has chosen to develop an integrated economy in global businesses. This country relies on a long-term political vision and some modern infrastructures. The government pro ...