Economy

This paper is the second in a series examining services-led development and global value chain (GVC) integration in the Global South. It applies a three-category analytical framework covering knowledge services (ICT and professional business services), enabling services (transport, logistics, and finance), and local services (retail, hospitality, health, and personal services), to OECD Trade in Value Added indicators. The paper thus  ...

The commercial and geopolitical interdependence between China and Latin America makes any U.S. claim to promote a "decoupling" between them impractical. Digital technologies and critical minerals will be in the crosshairs of the North American National Security Strategy  ...

Cette chronique a été initialement publiée sur le site lesechos.fr Les économies en développement font face à un double défi : créer des emplois à grande échelle tout en soutenant la productivité. Quels types de services permettent cette convergence ? Les économistes Hinh T. Dinh et Karim El Aynaoui répondent dans la chronique du « Cercle des économistes ».Les services peuvent-ils se substituer à l'industrie manufacturière comme moteur du développement ...

Climate policy is increasingly reshaping the conditions under which firms participate in international markets. As some jurisdictions introduce carbon border adjustments, lifecycle emissions standards, and supply-chain traceability requirements, market access is starting to be made conditional on verifiable characteristics of production processes, such as carbon intensity, embedded emissions, and input sourcing, rather than solely on product characteristics or prices. This paper exa ...

The call for private finance mobilization received an answer in 2024, with private capital accounting for 66% of total flows in climate finance, while still reaching a record level. This flow of private finance represents a structural shift that can both be considered as a significant achievement and an underexamined governance risk. This paper argues that the growth of private climate finance, while real and consequential, does not always directly serve climate objectives. Pri ...

This paper was published as a book chapter in “The Economic Potential of Islamic Countries, Part B: Sustainability, Governance, Energy and Digital Transformation,” released by Emerald Publishing. The COVID-19 pandemic exposed significant deficiencies within social protection systems worldwide, especially in Middle Eastern and North African (MENA) countries. This underscores the urgent need to fortify these social protection schemes to ensure resilience in the face of crises (Sa ...

This blog was originally published on cgdev.org We recently wrapped up the second edition of the Growth Summit, organized by our three organizations and hosted by the Policy Center for the New South. The event was filled with eclectic voices. To give you a sense of the discussions, we’ve tried to capture some of the key messages from the 12 sessions (with no direct attribution).Overall, the eclecticism of the debate points to an uncomfortable truth: there is today no shared pla ...

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This report was originally published on the website of the Middle East Institute ( mei.edu) The following study discusses the role of Lebanon’s gold reserves in the establishment of a currency board and evaluates four policy options: a true currency board, constrained central bank reform, full dollarization, and a unified managed float. Gold reserves are relevant under all four. The conclusion is consistent across them: no monetary framework, however carefully designed and howe ...

World trade was more resilient than expected during 2025. Its growth probably resulted from the way the rest of the world reacted to the U.S. tariffs. Other factors also had an impact, including moves by exporters to the U.S. in the first half of 2025 to get ahead of the tariffs, and the boom in global tech capital expenditures driven by investment in artificial intelligence (AI).The trade pattern observed in 2025 and early 2026 could point to a new architecture of world trade. Ther ...

Trade agreements, in earlier eras, were instruments of exchange. In the present one, they have become instruments of order. The EU–Mercosur agreement, after more than two decades of negotiation, reaches a decisive moment—not merely as a framework for tariff reduction, but as a mechanism through which competing visions of economic organization are projected and contested. ...

We are now in the fifth week since the U.S. airstrike that killed top leaders of the Iranian regime, initiating a war involving the United States and Israel against the country. More than a month of mutual bombardments between Iran and Israel has ensued, extending to other Persian Gulf nations, U.S. military installations—and even Cyprus. From a global perspective, the impact has stemmed primarily from disruptions to regional production of goods and the blockade of the Strait of Hor ...

The Oxford Handbook of the Moroccan Economy provides a comprehensive and analytically grounded assessment of Morocco’s economic trajectory from 1960 to 2025. Bringing together 53 contributors across 34 chapters, the volume is conceived as a reference work, offering a structured analytical approach grounded in stylized facts, long-term trends, sectoral transformations, and the key public policy challenges shaping the country’s development path. It renews the stock of knowledge on the ...