Publications /
Policy Paper

Back
Emerging Markets and Developing Economies in the Global Financial Safety Net
Authors
Amshika Amar
February 16, 2024

When countries face external financial shocks, they must rely on financial buffers to counter such shocks. The global financial safety net is the set of institutions and arrangements that provide lines of defense for economies against such shocks.

From any individual country standpoint, there are three lines of defense in their external financial safety nets: international reserves, pooled resources (swap lines and plurilateral financing arrangements), and the International Monetary Fund.

We argue here that there is a need to extend and facilitate access to the ultimate global financial safety net layer: the IMF. We illustrate that by pointing out how Morocco and Mexico have boosted their defensive power by having access to IMF precautionary lines of credit.

*The authors wish to thank Abdelaaziz Ait Ali for comments on an earlier version, without implicating him in any way.

RELATED CONTENT

  • Authors
    November 11, 2025
    Official Development Assistance (ODA) to developing countries has fallen in recent years to well below the UN target of 0.7% of developed countries’ gross national income. Global remittances have become the biggest inflow to poor countries, greater than ODA or foreign direct investment which has also declined. Against the backdrop of geopolitical tension between major powers, other countries including developing ones and development institutions have to do their parts in mobilizing ...
  • Authors
    November 10, 2025
    Almost a year after President Donald Trump’s return to the White House, the United States displays little of the isolationism many of the country’s international partners anticipated, and many of Trump’s supporters desired. From economic sanctions to military intervention, Trump is proving to be something of a foreign policy president, although with distinctly unilateral instincts. This approach is particularly evident in Washington’s current approach to the ‘South’, including Latin ...
  • November 4, 2025
    في هذه الحلقة، نناقش مستجدّات قانون المالية لسنة 2026، بما يشمل الإصلاحات الضريبية والتعديلات على الضرائب المباشرة وغير المباشرة، سياسات الإنفاق العمومي الجديدة، التحفيزات الاقتصادية للاستثمار والابتكار، والتدابير الاجتماعية لدعم الفئات الهشة، مع إبراز التحديات والآفاق المستقبلية للاقتص...
  • October 29, 2025
    Dans ce podcast, notre Senior Fellow Francis Perrin souligne que l’Afrique reste très dépendante des énergies fossiles : malgré 20 % de la population mondiale, elle ne consomme que 3,5 % ...
  • Authors
    Nizar Messari
    October 27, 2025
    This paper analyzes the impact of the BRICS+ Summit of July 2025 on the evolution of the bloc, as well as on the relationship between the bloc and the U.S. under President Trump. It also tackles the aftermath of the summit and in particular the impact it had in the souring of Brazil-U.S. relations. Before the paper analyzes the impact of BRICS+ on Morocco, it goes over the consequences of the events that resulted from the summit on the Brazilian political sphere.  ...
  • Authors
    October 23, 2025
    The publication of the latest (74th) edition of the Statistical Review of World Energy (SRWE, 2025) is a good opportunity to take stock of some major trends in the world of energy. In this note, we focus on the African continent. All figures below are taken from this document and refer to the year 2024, unless otherwise indicated.SRWE figures relate to commercially-traded energies, which include fossil fuels, hydroelectricity, nuclear power and modern renewable energies other than h ...
  • October 23, 2025
    On 1 October, China marked the 76th anniversary of the founding of the People's Republic. Few nations in modern history have experienced such a remarkable transformation in so short a time. In just over seven decades, China has ascended from poverty and fragmentation to become a technological, economic, and diplomatic powerhouse of global significance. This trajectory—driven by strategic planning, institutional stability, and a steadfast belief in the state as a catalyst for develop ...
  • Authors
    October 22, 2025
    This blog was originaly published on orfonline.org. The maritime cities of the 21st century are not merely legacies of the industrial age. Rather, they are becoming platforms of global connectivity and engines of economic transformation. As global trade shifts toward digital platforms and multimodal logistics, the traditional harbour is transforming into a 'Blue City' - a modern coastal centre where trade finance, service industries, and skilled workers are considered as k ...
  • October 17, 2025
    Jodie Keane, Principal Research Fellow at the International Economic Development Group, discusses how green trade measures are transforming African economies, stressing the need for faire ...