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De la transition environnementale à la crise énergétique : le gaz naturel a-t-il un avenir ?
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December 3, 2021

Si le recours aux énergies renouvelables ne peut que croître, doit-on symétriquement considérer que le gaz naturel est, à l’instar du pétrole et du charbon, une énergie du passé ? Cette question simple en apparence, appelant une réponse tranchée et nécessairement positive au regard de l’impératif climatique, de la nécessité de décarboner nos économies, mais également des engagements politiques pris dans ce sens par de nombreuses nations. Le bien-fondé environnemental de ce raisonnement ne peut toutefois faire oublier que des facteurs tant économiques que géopolitiques sont à l’œuvre et qu’ils doivent également être pris en compte pour appréhender le « mix » énergétique de demain. Conjugués aux atermoiements sur le nucléaire qui, jusqu’à récemment, semblait peiner à légitimer son rôle dans cette nécessaire transition environnementale, lesdits facteurs pourraient consacrer le gaz naturel comme une voie médiane, largement insatisfaisante à long terme au regard de la lutte contre le réchauffement climatique mais permettant, à court terme, d’accélérer la sortie du charbon.

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